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What are the 5 types of computer generation? - COMPUTER AWARENESS-1 - INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

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Information Technology:

It refers to the creation, gathering, processing, storage, retrieval, and delivery of information and the process and devices that make all this possible.

Information: Processed data from raw data.

Data: - A collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn; "statistical data"

Technology: It’s a science, which we can apply in any application.

    The history of automatic data processing begins with Charles Babbage’s attempt to build an automatic mechanical calculator at Cambridge, England, in 1830. By the 1930s punched cards were in wide use in large businesses and various types of punched card handling machines were available.

GENERATION OF COMPUTERS:

First Generation: 1944-1959

(not all first-generation computers had all these characteristics) 
  • vacuum tube-based 
  • punched tape input or output 
  • about 1,000 circuits per cubic foot
Examples:
  • UNIVAC I, UNIVAC II, UNIVAC 1101
  • RCA BIZMAC
  • NCR CRC 102A, NCR CRC 102D

Second Generation: 1960-1964

Characteristics

  • used transistors 
  • about 100,000 circuits per foot
Examples:
  • UNIVAC 1107, UNIVAC III
  • RCA 501

Third Generation: 1964-1975

Characteristics:
  • large scale integrated circuits
  • 10 million circuits per square foot
Examples:
  • IBM System/360, System 3, System 7

Fourth Generation: 1975-Current

Characteristics: 
  • very large scale integration
  • continued miniaturization
  • billions of circuits per cubic foot
 
Examples:

  • IBM System 3090, IBM RISC 6000, IBM RT

Fifth Generation: Current and Future

Characteristics: 
Combinations of some or all of the following technologies :
  • extremely large scale integration 
  • parallel processing 
  • high-speed logic and memory chips 
  • high performance, micro-miniaturization 
  • voice/data integration; knowledge-based platforms 
  • artificial intelligence, expert systems 
  • virtual reality generation

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